Internal-combustion power apparatus.



PATENTED DEOAS, 1907. S. A. RBEVE.

'AL COMBUSTION POWER APPARATUS.

INTERN APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1906.

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' UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

SIDNEY A. REEVE, OF

WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES F. BROWN,

TRUSTEE, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS.

INTERNAL-COIIBUSTION IOWER APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

Application filed February 7. 1906. Serial No. 299.889.

To all whom "it may concern:

Beit known that I, SIDNEY A. REEVE, a

citizen of the United States, residing at the following s ecificationand accompanyingdrawings ,i ustrate the invention in a form-which I nowregard as the best out of the various forms in which it may be embodied.

This invention relates to motive apparatus for developing power from theinternal com bustion of fuel where the working fluids are umped orcompressed prior to their comustlon by means of pumps located outside ofthe expansion cylinders or engines.

The principal method-heretofore proposed in such apparatus is' toconnect the pumps directly to the main working motor, which is,therefore, obliged to furnish power for working the pumps in addition tothe ower supplied'to itsshaft for driving outsi e' machinery, but I havefound that many advantages may be derived by either wholly or partiallyoperating the umps from a separate source of ower. finder this latterarrangement it ecomes possible to effect an easy start, to operate thepum s at a higher speed than the main engine i desired and more or lessindependently of the speed of the main engine, t ereby enablin the pumpsand their motor if desired to be made in smaller dimensions because oftheir higher speed, besides eliminating some diflicult problemsencountered in so designing the whole apparatus as to minimize machinefriction.

The invention also includes an arrangement of internal combustion powerap aratus to o crate at a high pressure Wine involves t e compressionand expansion of the elastic fluid in stages and it further includes thearrangement of the compressing motor or motors in certain novelcombinations with the devices for burning fuel and generating steam bycontact with water of the products of combustion.

Of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a diagrammaticelevation of a power apparatus constructed according to my invention. Fi2 represents a detail (l1a grammatic section of one of thegas-compressors.

1 represents a compound engine of the steam-engine type having ahigh-pressure cylinder 2, a low-pressure cylinder 3 and an intermediatereceiver 4, through which the working mixture passes and is subjected tosuccessive expansions while doing work. This engine is connected todrive the pistons of a gas-compressor cylinder 5 and an air-.

compressor cylinder 6, which are the highstage members of thecompressing department.

7 7 are the low-stage air-compressors, recelving atmospheric air throughan inlet 8 and discharging the compressed air to the hlgh-pressurecompressor 6 through a conduit 9 containing an intercooler 10. 11 11 arethe low-stage gas-compressors, receiving gas from a main 12 anddischarging the compressed gas to the high-pressure compressor 5 througha conduit 13 containing an intercooler 14. v The pistons of thesecompressors 7 and llare single-acting and attached to two oppositelymoving iston structures shown in dotted lines an connected by a rockingbeam 15, which has a pitman-connection with a fly-wheel 16. I

The upper ends of.the moving istonstructures are the pistons of a pair 0intermittent-combustion motors 17, referably explosive motors. These mayave the general construction, including valves and igniters, of theordinary Clerk or two-cycle exhaust-port at the end oi the workingstroke, and during the same period admits the next working charge whilethe exhaustport is open. These arrangements being well known are notfully illustrated, as they are merely the preferred arrangement of theseparate compressing motor and might be varied if desired. In certainimportant respects however, the manner of operation of these motors l7dill'er from the ordinary two-cycle explosive engine.

The charge for the cylinders 17 is received from the low-pressurecylinders 7 and [1 by means of pipes 18 19 containing intercuolers ere,

3'7 38, end-thus it will he seen that this charge before explosion, ifthe motors 1? are of the compression type, receives a twostsgecompression, the first stage being performed by the air and gascompressors 7 11 and the second performed after mixingof the charge inthe cylinders of said motors l7 pressure compression work, thisarrangeinent'cells for 9. further stage of expension oi the burnedcharge alter it leaves the motors 17,5rnd accordingly I carry theexhaust of these motors through a pipe 20, generator 2] and pipe 22intothe receiver 4 0i the main motor 1 to he expcndeiil in thelow-pressure cylinder 3 of the main motor. The products of combustionpass downwardly through a pipe 23 in. the generator 21 into pool ofwater contained in e Wster-pot 2% in the lower art of the generator,Where they impart their hightemperature hes-t to the Water and create itbody oi steam which passes upwsrdlir. around the outside oi" the tubetogether with the products of con'ihustion, end the mixture possesoutwardly through the pipe 22. A substantially constant supoly of.

Write is n'iointsined in the Wat-es pct t irough o' pipe 25 und Genorator 21 ispreierel ly ol the general type soown in my Patent 0.588,293 and as thus constructed includes a constant pressure burner 26.It further includes en sutornatic regulating device 27 of any suitablecharacter for controlling the compressed air and which are fed to theburner from the low-pressure compressors 7, 11 through pipes 28 29. Ithus import to the generator 21 double function which I heheve to benew, viz: that of is cooling chamher for the exhaust gases of theeiiplosion motors 1 7, and also that of a combined burner and coolingchamber for compressed fluids burned constant pressure. The rodncts ofcombustion from burner miss down vordly tl rough the tube 23 and arequenched in the hotly 5r- Weter in the wstenpot 24- so that the pipe 22receives from one source and products oi combustion from two sources.

The general arrangement of an explosion motor, and. n low-pressure motorcylinder suhstentislly in the manner described but Without pluralcombustionendicther speciiic features covered by the potent claims, ismade the subject of my cop-eznling enplicstions Ser. Nos. 263 .718,$517M, and Bel-9,019.

In order to avoid loss-of the lowor suitable automatic control.

therein. The generator 32 operates at the nmximun: PIETUIO of the systemfurnished.

by the high-stage compressors 6 5, While generator 21 operates at thepressure inrnished by the low-pressure compressors 7 11.

34 diaphragm device operating a throttle-valve 35 in the suctiongas-conduit 12 and including a diaphragm. Which'receives through a pir35 the pressure from air-intereooler l0 balanced against a suitableconstant pressure such as atmosphere and 5. spring, whereby the relativeamount of fuel nniy oe regulated so as to meintein intercooler pressuresubstantially constant.

in starting the apparatus when no fluids are under compression themotors 17 will first operate as ordinory two-cycle explosive motors fromand at atmospheric pressure, drawing uncmnpressed fluids from theintercoolers 37 38. Pressures soon'hegin to socumulcte and permit itheck pressure during the exhaust period of the motors 17. Thenconstant-pressure ilmne may he started in he generator 21 and the motorl. may he on its low=pressure cylinder. As soon sullicient high-pressurefluids have men eccumuls ted the llsme of the generator may be startedand the apparatus will then be in full operation. The action of the burner 26 not essential to a start however,

and if preferred the generator 21 may be run vithou't ilenie, its outputof steam, hot gases from engines 17, and surplus air, if eny, fromcompressors 7 going" to the low-pressure en gine 3. With this pressurefluid as s. motive power, engine 3 may he started and theconstent-pressure corner of generator 32 set in opera-ton, only in thatcase the Water in pot preferably elreedy not and burner 26 convenientmeans for getting it so. thermore, burner 2e, and especially its excessn-ir, furnishes o 'inosns for consumingeny unburned charge. which maycome over roin the explosir .igines 17.

3 shows llmgr-2mmeticelly, en orrongr-zo'ze. for tholing severslreceptowill meter proper U E 1e explosion cylini e39, e'lil to thehigrhpressure cylinder 5 and burner 26 respectively successively coveredlay the piston ll seine stroke", while the outlet ones l 7 areedinstei'i so :1 succesits one such motor is not the more gorecomp-lessor outlets,

qklitll- I eral aspects of the device being treated in a se arateapplication, Serial No. 322,204.

have further shown sto -valves 43, 44 in the conduits 9, 13, Speccontrolled by a suitable shaft-governor, whereby these conduits arechoked down when the speed rises unduly and the pressure-reaction on theregpower of the Also the internal-combustion unit com rised by motor 1and generator 32 may in a road sense be varied and replaced withanequivalent either of a different type or a variation of theconstant-pressure .type without departing from my invention.

What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A power apparatus comprising a main motor, a constant-pressureinternal-combustion burner for supplying motive fluid thereto, achargecom ressor for supplying said burner, and an inr ependently-runmnginternal-combust ion motor driving said chargecompressor andsuppliedwith motive fluid from said charge-compressor independently of saidburner.

2.. A power system comprising a main motorhaving an internal-combustionburner for sup lying it with motive fluid, a mechanically separateintermittent combustionjcompressing motor, and a charge-compressoroperated by the last-said motor and supplying compressed fluid for bothmotors. 3. A power apparatus comprising a main motor operated byinternal combustion of compressed air and fuel, a compressor forsupplying'the charge to said main motor, and an explosion motor fordriving said compressor, adapted to operate with a charge compressed bysaid compressor.

ts-A power system comprising high and lowstage serial chargecompressors, and two indepemlently-running motors, both operated by theinternal combustion of the compressed charge, one of said motorsoperating the high-stage compressor and the other operating thelow-stage compressor.

5. A power system. comprising highstage and :lo\\'stage compressors,ainotor operated by continuous internal combustion of compressed chargeand driving one of said compressors, and a motor operated by internal.combustion of compressed charge and operating the other comyessor.

(i. power system comprising a main motor, a (UIlstttllt pltsfillltinternal-coinbustion burner supplying the motive lluid, an inter- Forexample,

mittent internal combustion motor, and means for supplylng compressedcharge to the burner and the intenmttent-combustion charge-compressordriven by the intermittent-combustion motor, and a high-stagecharge-compressor driven by the main motor.

7. A' power system comprising high and low stage serialcharge-compressors, an internal-combustion motor driving one of saidcompressors and operated by the combustion of the high-stage compressedfluid, and

the other compressor and operated by the combustion of charge abstractedfrom between the stages of compression.

8. A power system comprisim a main moburner supplying the same, ahigh-stage charge-compressor operated by the main mocharge-compressor,and an intermittentcombustion motor drivin said lowstage compressor andsup he by compressed charge from between t e high-stage and lowstagecompressors.

9. A power system comprisin a pluralstage' expansion motor operated yinternal combustion of compressed fluid,'a chargecompressor to supplythe same, and an intermittent internal-combustion motor driving saidcompressor and exhausting into the first-said motor betweeathe stages ofexpansion thereof.

10. A power system comprising high and low stage charge-compressors, aconstantpressure motor driving one of said compressors, and anintermittent internal-comrbustion motor driving the other compressor,the last-said motor being supplied with compressed charge from betweenthe said compressors and exhausting into the first-said motor.

11. A power system comprising a serialstage expansion motor having aninternaleombusti on burner, an intermittent internalcombustion motorexhausting into the firstsaid'motor between the stages thereof,'andmeans for supplying compressed charge to said burner and motor,including a compressor driven by the intermittent-combustion motor.

12. A power system comprising a pluralstagc expansion motor, and twogenerators connected respectively to the higher stage and between thestages of said motor and each having a passage for gases of combustionleading to the motor and means for quenching said gases ol combustionwith water.

13. A power system comprising a pluralstage expansion motor, twogenerators connected respectively to the higher stage and between thestages of said motor and having means for quenching products ofcombustion a second internal-combustion motor driving motor, said meansincluding a low-stage tor, a'constant-pressure internal-combustion torand supplying said burner, a low-stage with Water, a continuousinternal-combustion burner in one of said generators, and anintermittent internal-combustion motor con nected to supply combustiongases to the other generator.

14. A power epporotus comprising e plu rel-stage expansion motor,higlnpressure and low-pressure generators connected respectively to thehigher stage and between the stages of said motor and each having meansb products ofconibustion with for quenchin Water, a constant-pressureburner 1n the high pressure generator, stage charge-compressing meansWhose higher stage supplies said burner, and an explosive compressingmotor supplied by said compressing means and driving one of the stagesthereof, said motor exhausting into thelow-pressure generator.

15. A power apparatus comprising a motor e enerator for su )lvin thesome and 7 a r a 2t weter pot adopted to maintain o pool of Water in thepath of the products of combustion from said burner and from said motor,and a second motor opera-ted by the pressure of the nnzrture of stecr'nand products 01 e5 combustion issuing from said wstenpot.

27. A power spperetus comprising an in.- ternol-eombustion motor, and a.compressor driven by and supplying charge or said motor end-for aburner, and hea ing outlets to the two destinations, and means wherebysaid outlets are opened in succession on the compressing stroke of saidcompressor.

charge-compressors, e inotor supplied thereby for driving thehigh-stagecompressor, s motor for driving the low-stege compressor,means controlled by the pressure of output from the low-stage compressorfor Varying the power of the motor which drivesit, and means controlledby the speed of the highsta e motor for varying the intake. of thehigh-stage compressor.

19. A power apparatus comprising highend lowpressure chsrge compressors,on explosion engine charged by the low-pressure compressor, s chamberreceiving the exhaust of the engine, outlets lesdin from the lowpressnrecompressor to the nigh-pressure compressor and to said chamber, anotheroutlet leading irom the low-pressure compressor to the explosion engine,and means whereby the last-said outlet is opened after the first-saidoutlets have been closed during the compression period of thelowpressure compressor.

my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, the nineteenth dayof January. 19(36.

SIDNEY A. REEVE.

fi itnesses HENRY L. PAR-KER, HENRY L. PARKER, Jr.

18. A power apparatus comprising serial In testimony whereof I havehereunto set.

